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Wednesday, 26 December 2007
Exhibition/Exposition: Fragonard (1732-1806)
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Cliquer sur les images pour les aggrandir.
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Young Girl Delivering a Bird From Its Cage, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Jeune fille délivrant un oiseau de sa cage, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
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Until 13th January 2008 the Jacquemart-André Museum is presenting a unique collection of about a hundred works by the painter Fragonard, come from the world over. The exhibition offers a surprising portrait of an artist usually considered as the most eminent illustrator of the tastes of the French 18th century, generally considered exemplified by pleasure and refinement. Say “Fragonard” and people usually think of The Swing, in which a gallant young man of leisure cheerfully spies up the skirt of an equally cheerful young woman of leisure carelessly sporting about on a swing.
Jusqu’au 13 janvier 2008 le Musée Jacquemart-André présente un rassemblement unique d’une centaine d’œuvres du peintre Fragonard, venues du monde entier. L’exposition dresse le portrait surprenant d’un artiste qui, d’habitude, est considéré l’artiste qui est le plus éminemment représentatif des goûts du XVIIIème siècle en France, généralement exemplifié par le plaisir et le raffinement. Dîtes « Fragonard » et les gens pensent d’habitude au tableau Le Balançoire, où un jeune galant épie joyeusement les cuisses d’une jeune fille également joyeuse de s’exposer avec désinvolture sur un balançoire.
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The Swing, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Le Balançoire, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
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It was therefore with a certain surprise that I discovered new facets to this artist, brought to light Marie-Anne Dupuy-Vachey, the exhibition curator. It would seem that Fragonard marked the start of his career by winning the Grand Prix de l’Académie in 1752, at the age of twenty. The work of art in question was Jeroboam Offering Sacrifice for the Idol, a thoroughly academic work (I shall pretend to not notice my pun), because at the time Fragonard was a painter of…historical paintings. “I only paint histories, great subjects,” he grandly told an actress in 1780 who has asked him to paint her portrait.
C’était alors avec une certain surprise que j’ai découvert nouvelles facettes à cet artist, mises en lumière par Marie-Anne Dupuy-Vachey, commissaire de l’exposition. Il semblerait que Fragonard a marqué le début de sa carrière en gagnant le Grand Prix de l’Académie en 1752, à l’âge de vingt ans. L’œuvre en question était Jéroboam sacrifiant aux idoles, un tableau entièrement académique (je ferai semblant de ne pas remarquer mon lamentable jeu de mots), parce qu’à l’époque Fragonard était un peintre…de l’Histoire. « Je ne peins que les histoires, les grands sujets, » il a dit avec grandeur à une actrice qui en 1780 lui avait demandé de peindre son portrait.
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Jeroboam Offering Sacrifice for the Idol, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Jéroboam sacrifiant aux idoles, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
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Fragonard was to abandon history painting for illustration, with first Jean de La Fontaine for guide, and he soon gave himself complete freedom to illustrate the pleasures of maid and man with scenes inspired by, oh, Orlando Furioso, for example. And it is here that one starts to be more than a little startled by the dialogue between the literary and the lush.
By the way, quite parenthetically, I must say there are moments when one is frankly ill at ease in the exhibition, for example when considering the portrait of a fresh and "innocent" young girl cuddling two newborn puppies to her bared adolescent breasts. "That's a bit perverse," murmured my French friend, before she moved on to a young girl with bared breasts cuddling a cat...
Fragonard allait abandonner la peinture d'Histoire pour l'illustration, avec d'abord Jean de La Fontaine pour guide, et bientôt il se donnait une complète liberté pour illustrer les plaisirs de fille et homme avec des scènes inspirées de, oh, Orlando Furioso, par exemple. Et c'est ici où l'on commence à être un peu plus qu'étonné par le dialoque entre le littéraire et le sensuel.
Entre parenthèse, et je veux vraiment entre parenthèses, il y a des moments où l'on est franchement mal à l'aise dans l'exposition, par exemple en considérant le portrait d'une jeune fille fraîche et "innocente" câlinant deux chiots nouveaux-nés contre ses seins exposés et adolescents. "C'est un peu pervers ça," a murmuré ma copine française, avant de passer à une jeune fille avec des seins exposés, qui câlinait un chat... ____________________________________________________________________________________
The Model's Beginnings, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Les débuts du modèle, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
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The exhibition sets out to prove a little-known fact : that Fragonard’s inspiration came not only from his readings of writers and poets, but also by the relations he had with the intellectual and artistic milieu of his time. The artist in fact became the illustrator of the literary and pictorial culture of the Age of Enlightenment. Diderot and Benjamin Franklin find their place in his work, but also Cervantes and Ariosto. Yes, the libertine stuff is there, but so are scenes of gentle family life à la Rousseau, legendary heros doing their daring deeds, charming allegories of love shyly running away and to each other. In short, the exhibition is a surprising and interesting study to prove that Fragonard was more than a man of libertine tastes; he was an - intellectual!
L’exposition se donne pour objectif de prouver un fait peu connu: que l’inspiration de Fragonard est venue non seulement de ses lectures des écrivains et des poètes, mais aussi des relations qu’il entretenait avec le milieu intellectuel et artistique de son temps. L’artiste au faut devenait l’illustrateur de la culture littéraire et artistique des Lumières. Diderot et Benjamin Franklin trouve leur place dans son travail, mais également Cervantes et Arioste. Oui, les truc coquins sont là, mais aussi des scènes de la douce vie familiale à la Rousseau, des héros légendaires en train de faire leurs missions d’audace, des allégories charmantes d’amour qui courent timidement l’un vers l’autre, ou qui courent pour que l’un puisse tenter d’échapper à l’autre. En court, l’exposition est une étude surprenante et intéressante pour démontrer que Fragonard était plus qu'un homme de goûts libertins; il était un - intellectuel!
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Roger Blinds the Whale, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Roger aveugle l'orque, Jean-Honoré Fragonard
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Jacquemart-André Museum (3 October – 13 January 2008), 158 bd Haussmann – 75008 Paris. Open every day from 10:00 am to 6:00 pm. Access: RER Charles de Gaulle – Etoile / Métro Miromesnil or Saint Philippe du Roule / Bus: 22, 28, 43, 52, 54, 80, 83, 84, 93.
Musée Jacquemart-André (octobre 2007 - 13 janvier 2008), 158 bd Haussmann - 75008 Paris. Ouvert tous les jours, sans exception, de 10h à 18h. Tél. : 01 45 62 11 59. Accès : RER Charles de Gaulle - Etoile / Métro Miromesnil ou Saint Philippe du Roule / Autobus : 22, 28, 43, 52, 54, 80, 83, 84, 93.
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Inspiration, autoportrait de Jean-Honoré Fragonard



Comments
Yes, he does have an intellectual side - which comes through in his arched eyebrow, mocking, worldly treatment of the naughty subjects. The painting chosen by the museum for its publicity - the Model's Beginning - could have been titled "Hollywood Casting Couch". There is nothing ambiguous about the role of each of the characters - the artist with his stick poking under the model's skirt, the "innocent" young model and her push stage mother undressing her for the artist. But what struck me about this painting and several others was the impressionistic technique. Clearly Fragonard possessed all the talent and technique necessary to please the establishment with a technically smooth, polished treatment of a respectable and dully subject - Jeroboam. But to see his use of the impressionist bits of color was at least a hundred years ahead of his time. But in the Model's painting the faces of the two women are treated as almost comic book faces with no definition at all. Why did he do this ? to dehumanize them ? to show a vapid insouciance ? To me it was disconcerting.
The Young Girl delivering the bird is a perfect example of Fragonard's not-so-subtle ironic treatment (sendup) of the sentimental. The painting is a masterpiece of sentimental colors and composition, but on a second look there are several elements that give a leering mockery of the subject. First, the "delivered" bird is still tethered by a ribbon held in the girl's left hand. Sure, she has an artfully curved little finger and her gaze is fixed on something suitably noble and pure just off stage, but the bird is still her prisoner. A prisoner who is not headed for open spaces, but who is placed in the painting uncomfortably close to the girl's lips. He is not only tethered, but focussed entirely on her - from the trajectory of the ribbon it is clear that he has circled around her to come to her lips. It is all about the girl.
Posted by: mallard | Wednesday, 26 December 2007
I had planned on skipping the Fragonard exhibit, considering him to be superficial and frothy, but after reading what you have to say, Deborah, and then Mallard's comments, there is obviousl a lot more going on there than I had thought.
Thank you both.
Dennis
Posted by: Dennis | Wednesday, 26 December 2007
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